The
art of the mosaic has its origins in the regions between the Tigris
and the Euphrates in an unknown age but the word “mosaic” was born
during the roman age. The first type of mosaic we know is the “mosaico
bizantino” in which figures are obtained by joining small fragments
of strong materials (like marble, stones, glass, ecc.) called "tessere".
The “florentine mosaic” or “commesso” was developed in the court
of the Medici in Florence, around 1500 and it uses hard stones (
for example agate, jasper, lapis, malachite, onyx, ecc.).
In the 17th C, an art called "scagliola" was developed.
An imitation of the Florentine mosaic, it was naturally less expensive.
The materials were coloured by the artists themselves and then applied
in layers.
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